Safety culture assessment in community pharmacy: development, face validity, and feasibility of the Manchester Patient Safety Assessment Framework.
Safety culture assessments largely focus on the hospital setting. This study developed a tool to identify, stimulate, and evaluate areas for improvement based on a series of focus groups with 67 community pharmacists in the United Kingdom. Investigators developed a suitable application of the Manchester Patient Safety Assessment Framework using five accepted levels of safety culture maturity. The authors discuss the levels as pathological, reactive, calculative, proactive, and generative in describing an organization's response to incidents. While the authors suggest that their assessment framework requires additional investigation, they believe the tool may serve as an important mechanism for community pharmacists to improve safety culture.