This survey demonstrated that more than half of residents reported patients experiencing adverse events under their care, a quarter of which were attributed to errors. The most frequent adverse events involved procedures and medication administrations, while predictors of these and other near miss events included rotating on an inpatient service, fatigue, and postgraduate year 1 status. The authors advocate for greater resident involvement in data acquisition to complement existing methods of chart review for adverse event analyses. This type of involvement may provide residents with important quality improvement opportunities in their education and training.