This psychological experiment sought to measure speaking-up behaviors of medical students and the general public, using a masked experiment rather than asking participants to report their behaviors or comfort level. Investigators found that though participants were more likely to speak up when they received specific information about safety risks in an experimental situation, many still chose to remain silent about unsafe conditions. They also found differences in participants' reported willingness to speak up compared to their observed behavior, suggesting that behavioral experiments are important to enhance speaking up for safety.