Morbidity and mortality conferences offer important opportunities for healthcare teams to discuss adverse events, learn from errors, and improve patient safety. This systematic review examined beneficial aspects of perioperative team-based morbidity and mortality (TBMM) conferences. The authors found that TBMM conferences generally led to improvements in patient safety, quality improvement, and educational outcomes and that certain factors (case preparation, standardized presentation format, effective facilitation) increase TBMM benefits.