Surgical complications can result in guilt, shame, anxiety, or depression—sometimes referred to as "second victim syndrome" (SVS)—for the health professionals involved. The study aimed to estimate the prevalence of SVS among OBGYN surgeons, its physical, mental, and emotional impact, and coping strategies. OBGYNs responding to the survey reported surgical complications were most stressful when they resulted in poor patient outcomes, had severe consequences for the patient, and when the complication occurred because of surgeon error. Younger and female surgeons were more likely to report mental health symptoms than older and male surgeons.