This study included three phases to explore the strategy of patient outcome feedback following outpatient acute care visits. For the baseline stage, patients received a live follow-up call 3 weeks after their visit. In the second and third phases, patients were contacted one week after their visit by a live call or an interactive voice response system call, respectively. There was a clear tradeoff—although fewer patients completed the automated call than the live call, a greater percentage of these patients reported a lack of clinical improvement, suggesting the automated system may still adequately capture problems. Overall, at least 15% of patients did not improve within a week of an acute care visit, and more than 60% of these patients had not contacted any clinician during the follow-up period. An accompanying editorial discusses the wide-reaching implications of this study for providing actionable feedback to physicians and creating novel methods for measuring errors in the ambulatory setting.