Evolving quality improvement support strategies to improve Plan–Do–Study–Act cycle fidelity: a retrospective mixed-methods study.
This mixed-methods study used direct observation and interviews to determine whether plan–do–study–act (PDSA) cycles were implemented as planned in a series of quality improvement efforts. The authors found that initial training efforts did not support PDSA implementation and that careful project selection, redesigned training, and hands-on support were all required to support frontline teams in using the PDSA method.