The importance of safety culture in medicine is well recognized and health care institutions now regularly administer validated measurement tools such as AHRQ's Patient Safety Culture Survey. Although early safety culture efforts focused on shifting from a punitive approach to a systems-based strategy to reduce medical errors, growing support has emerged for the establishment of a just culture that balances no-blame with appropriate accountability. This study sought to develop a survey that would measure individual perceptions of just culture in a hospital setting. The research team created a 27-item survey, which displayed adequate theoretical structure and internal reliability. This instrument now needs to be validated in other settings and among broader populations.